Polish Grammar Guide
Learning Polish in English
B1 Topics (20)
Past tense – formation and use (participle + 'to be')
Grammar guide for Past tense – formation and use (participle + być) in en
Passive voice – 'to be' (być), 'to become/get' (zostać), and impersonal forms (się)
Grammar guide for Passive voice – 'być', 'zostać', and impersonal forms in en
Conditional sentences 6 first and second conditional (gdy, gdyby)
Grammar guide for Conditional sentences – first and second conditional (gdy, gdyby) in en
Causal clauses (ponieważ, dlatego że, gdyż) — Translation: Causal clauses (ponieważ = because; dlatego że = because/that is why; gdyż = because/for)
Grammar guide for Causal clauses (ponieważ, dlatego że, gdyż) in en
Complement clauses (że, aby) — "that", "in order to / so that" — building complex sentences
Grammar guide for Complement clauses (że, aby) – building complex sentences in en
Relative clauses (który, która, które, co) in complex sentences
Grammar guide for Relative clauses (który, która, które, co) in complex sentences in en
Predicate complement in the instrumental (e.g., 'jestem lekarzem' — 'I am a doctor')
Grammar guide for Predicate complement in instrumental (jestem lekarzem, etc.) in en
Clitics — order of object pronouns (mi, ci, go, jej)
Grammar guide for Clitics – order of object pronouns (mi, ci, go, jej) in en
Modal verbs (móc — can/be able to; musieć — must/have to; potrafić — be able to/know how to) + infinitive
Grammar guide for Modal verbs (móc, musieć, potrafić) + infinitive in en
Aspect — the distinction between perfective and imperfective
Grammar guide for Aspect – perfective vs imperfective distinction in en
Word order variations (inversion and emphasis)
Grammar guide for Word order variations (inversion and emphasis) in en
"'że' vs 'żeby' — differences in function" (że ≈ "that"; żeby ≈ "so that / in order that"; used for wishes/requests)
Grammar guide for 'że' vs 'żeby' – differences in function in en
Imperative 6 3rd person forms (niech + 3rd person)
Grammar guide for Imperative – 3rd person forms (niech + 3rd person) in en
Interrogative pronouns 'który' and 'czyj' in subordinate clauses
Grammar guide for Interrogative pronouns 'który', 'czyj' in subordinate clauses in en
Ordinal numbers 6 case inflection (pierwszy, pierwszego, etc.)
Grammar guide for Ordinal numbers – case inflection (pierwszy, pierwszego, etc.) in en
Infinitive with 'się' — impersonal expressions (e.g., "chce się spać" → "one feels like sleeping" / "I feel like sleeping")
Grammar guide for Infinitive with 'się' – impersonal expressions (chce się spać) in en
Polite forms – Pan/Pani, conditional requests
Grammar guide for Polite forms – Pan/Pani, conditional requests in en
Motion verbs 6 aspectual differences and multiplicity
Grammar guide for Motion verbs – aspectual differences and multiplicity in en